IBHS Guide to Roof Hail Damage Inspection
Executive Summary
Hail damage compromises the water-shedding ability of your roof. Look for bruised or missing granules on asphalt shingles, shattered tiles, and dented metal flashing. Even if the roof isn't actively leaking, impact damage shortens its lifespan and warrants a professional inspection.
First actions
- Inspect only from a safe location.
- Record visible impact signs after conditions are safe.
- Arrange a qualified inspection when damage is suspected.
Stop and escalate
- Do not climb on a damaged or wet roof.
- Use emergency services for immediate danger from downed lines or structural failure.
Identifying Functional Damage
Functional damage, as defined by IBHS, occurs when hail diminishes the water-shedding capabilities or the expected service life of the roof. On asphalt shingles, this typically presents as a bruise—a localized area where granules have been knocked off, exposing the underlying asphalt mat.
Over time, UV rays will degrade this exposed mat, leading to leaks.
Secondary Signs of Hail Impact
If you suspect hail damage but aren't safely able to inspect the roof, look for collateral damage at ground level.
- Dented gutters and downspouts
- Pockmarks on air conditioning units or siding
- Granule accumulation at the base of downspouts
- Spatter marks on driveways or wooden fences
Frequently Asked Questions
Does all hail cause roof damage?
No. Typically, hail must be 1 inch in diameter or larger to cause functional damage to a standard asphalt shingle roof, though wind speed and roofing age play a significant role.
Key definitions
- Water-shedding
- A roof assembly's ability to direct water away from the building.
Authoritative Sources
Professional Services
Require Professional Assistance?
Speak directly with a restoration specialist or dispatch a crew immediately.